How Korea is trying to take control of its AI future.
Updated
January 13, 2026 10:56 AM
SK Telecom Headquarters in Seoul, South Korea. PHOTO: ADOBE STOCK
SK Telecom, South Korea’s largest mobile operator, has unveiled A.X K1, a hyperscale artificial intelligence model with 519 billion parameters. The model sits at the center of a government-backed effort to build advanced AI systems and domestic AI infrastructure within Korea. This comes at a time when companies in the United States and China largely dominate the development of the most powerful large language models.
Rather than framing A.X K1 as just another large language model, SK Telecom is positioning it as part of a broader push to build sovereign AI capacity from the ground up. The model is being developed as part of the Korean government’s Sovereign AI Foundation Model project, which aims to ensure that core AI systems are built, trained and operated within the country. In simple terms, the initiative focuses on reducing reliance on foreign AI platforms and cloud-based AI infrastructure, while giving Korea more control over how artificial intelligence is developed and deployed at scale.
One of the gaps this approach is trying to address is how AI knowledge flows across a national ecosystem. Today, the most powerful AI foundation models are often closed, expensive and concentrated within a small number of global technology companies. A.X K1 is designed to function as a “teacher model,” meaning it can transfer its capabilities to smaller, more specialized AI systems. This allows developers, enterprises and public institutions to build tailored AI tools without starting from scratch or depending entirely on overseas AI providers.
That distinction matters because most real-world applications of artificial intelligence do not require massive models operating independently. They require focused, reliable AI systems designed for specific use cases such as customer service, enterprise search, manufacturing automation or mobility. By anchoring those systems to a large, domestically developed foundation model, SK Telecom and its partners are aiming to create a more resilient and self-sustaining AI ecosystem.
The effort also reflects a shift in how AI is being positioned for everyday use. SK Telecom plans to connect A.X K1 to services that already reach millions of users, including its AI assistant platform A., which operates across phone calls, messaging, web services and mobile applications. The broader goal is to make advanced AI feel less like a distant research asset and more like an embedded digital infrastructure that supports daily interactions.
This approach extends beyond consumer-facing services. Members of the SKT consortium are testing how the hyperscale AI model can support industrial and enterprise applications, including manufacturing systems, game development, robotics and autonomous technologies. The underlying logic is that national competitiveness in artificial intelligence now depends not only on model performance, but on whether those models can be deployed, adapted and validated in real-world environments.
There is also a hardware dimension to the project. Operating an AI model at the 500-billion-parameter scale places heavy demands on computing infrastructure, particularly memory performance and communication between processors. A.X K1 is being used to test and validate Korea’s semiconductor and AI chip capabilities under real workloads, linking large-scale AI software development directly to domestic semiconductor innovation.
The initiative brings together technology companies, universities and research institutions, including Krafton, KAIST and Seoul National University. Each contributes specialized expertise ranging from data validation and multimodal AI research to system scalability. More than 20 institutions have already expressed interest in testing and deploying the model, reinforcing the idea that A.X K1 is being treated as shared national AI infrastructure rather than a closed commercial product.
Looking ahead, SK Telecom plans to release A.X K1 as open-source AI software, alongside APIs and portions of the training data. If fully implemented, the move could lower barriers for developers, startups and researchers across Korea’s AI ecosystem, enabling them to build on top of a large-scale foundation model without incurring the cost and complexity of developing one independently.
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Quantara AI launches a continuous platform designed to estimate the financial impact of cyber risk as companies move beyond periodic assessments
Updated
February 20, 2026 6:43 PM
A person tightrope walking between two cliffs. PHOTO: UNSPLASH
Cyber risk is increasingly treated as a financial issue. Boards want to know how much a cyber incident could cost the company, how it could affect earnings, and whether current security spending is justified.
Yet many organizations still measure cyber risk through periodic reviews. These assessments are often conducted once or twice a year, supported by consultants and spreadsheet models. By the time the report reaches senior leadership, the company’s systems may have changed and new threats may have emerged. The way risk is measured does not always match how quickly it evolves.
This gap is where Quantara AI is positioning its new platform. Quantara AI, a Boise-based cybersecurity startup, has introduced what it describes as the industry’s first persistent AI-powered cyber risk solution. The system is designed to run continuously rather than rely on occasional assessments.
The company’s core argument is straightforward: not every security weakness carries the same financial consequence. Instead of ranking issues only by technical severity, the platform analyzes active threats, identifies which company systems are exposed, and estimates how much money a successful attack could cost. It uses statistical models, including Value at Risk (VaR), to calculate potential losses. It also estimates how specific security improvements could reduce that projected loss.
The timing aligns with a broader market shift. International Data Corporation (IDC) projects that by 2028, 40% of enterprises will adopt AI-based cyber risk quantification platforms. These tools convert security data into financial estimates that can guide budgeting and investment decisions. The forecast reflects growing pressure on security leaders to present risk in terms that boards and regulators understand.
Traditional compliance and risk management systems often focus on meeting regulatory standards. Vulnerability management programs typically score weaknesses based on technical characteristics. Consultant-led risk studies provide detailed analysis, but they are usually performed at set intervals. In fast-changing threat environments, that model can leave decision-makers working with outdated information.
Quantara’s platform attempts to replace that periodic process with continuous measurement. It brings together threat data, internal system information and financial modeling in one system. The goal is to show, at any given time, which specific weaknesses could lead to the largest financial losses.
Cyber risk quantification as a concept is not new. What is changing is the expectation that these calculations be updated regularly and tied directly to financial decision-making. As cyber incidents carry clearer monetary consequences, companies are looking for ways to measure exposure with greater precision.
The broader question is whether enterprises will shift fully toward continuous, AI-driven risk analysis or continue relying on periodic external assessments. What is clear is that cybersecurity discussions are moving closer to financial reporting — and tools that estimate potential loss in dollar terms are becoming central to that shift.